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Protraction and retraction are anterior-posterior movements of the scapula or mandible. Protraction of the scapula occurs when the shoulder is moved forward, as when pushing against something or throwing a ball. Retraction is the opposite motion, with the scapula being pulled posteriorly and medially, toward the vertebral column.
Introduction. The shoulder area is infamously known to be one of the most complex regions of the body to evaluate and rehabilitate. Due to the multiple joints involved during shoulder movement, it is prudent to refer to the area of the shoulder complex.
Protraction and retraction are anterior-posterior movements of the scapula or mandible. Protraction of the scapula occurs when the shoulder is moved forward, as when pushing against something or throwing a ball. Retraction is the opposite motion, with the scapula being pulled posteriorly and medially, toward the vertebral column.
30 Ιουλ 2009 · For intrinsic factors, a foot size with increased width, an increased ankle eversion to inversion strength, plantarflexion strength and ratio between dorsiflexion and plantarflexion strength, and limb dominance could increase the ankle sprain injury risk.
20 Ιουλ 2023 · Flexion and extension of the shoulder occur like this: Anatomical structures: The humerus of the arm moves relative to the scapula of the shoulder blade. Reference axes: The movement is in the sagittal plane. The fulcrum is provided by the shoulder, or glenohumeral joint, around a frontal axis.
30 Οκτ 2023 · Acting in conjunction with the pectoral girdle, the shoulder joint allows for a wide range of motion at the upper limb; flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, external/lateral rotation, internal/medial rotation and circumduction. In fact, it is the most mobile joint of the human body.
21 Μαρ 2024 · muscular activity are crucial to shoulder biomechanics. This chapter discusses the relevant anatomy, kinematics, static stability, and dynamic stability of the four main articulations. forming the shoulder complex. Clinical examples of applied biomechanics. are provided in each section.
