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Multi-axial means that the shoulder (and hip) moves in 3 different planes of movement as well as in 6 directions: Extension: in which the arm moves forward and up toward the head; Flexion: in which the arm moves in a backward direction toward the tail; Abduction: the arm moves away from the body, out to the side;
8 Ιουλ 2016 · The authors concluded that loss of extension or flexion should be assessed in dogs with persistent lameness after TPLO so that early intervention can occur.
29 Δεκ 2023 · Discerning the difference between body locomotion and segmental movement, allows for relative descriptors. Gait and stride are two terms that can be used to describe body locomotion. Limb movement, step cycle, stance phase, swing phase, flexion, extension, angular displacement and range-of-motion are terms used when describing segmental movement.
In other words, the motion of the shoulder should be normal compared to the other shoulder and the dog should not be exhibiting any pain. While swimming is a great activity, it involves mostly flexion or bending of the joints.
13 Ιαν 2022 · Passive range of motion and joint function. Joint function or health is commonly measured with the use of goniometry, measuring the angle of flexion and extension of individual joints. We can use goniometric measurements in a few ways to assess the health and function of a joint.
8 Ιουλ 2016 · Canine Locomotion Analysis. Robert L. Gillette and T. Craig Angle. It is important to understand the internal and external factors of locomotion. A complete clinical assessment and rehabilitation program depend on an in-depth knowledge of the biomechanics of locomotion.
The most important muscles in speed and stride length are the muscles that connect the shoulder to the trunk, muscles along the topline, and muscles involved in hindlimb retraction (Fischer and Lilje, 2020).
