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How different genes are expressed in different cell types. The big picture of eukaryotic gene regulation.
The lac operon of E. coli contains genes involved in lactose metabolism. It's expressed only when lactose is present and glucose is absent. Two regulators turn the operon "on" and "off" in response to lactose and glucose levels: the lac repressor and catabolite activator protein (CAP).
Gene activation is the process by which a gene's expression is initiated, leading to the production of RNA and ultimately proteins. This process is critical for regulating biological functions, allowing cells to respond to environmental cues and developmental signals.
Gene activation is the process by which a gene is turned on and begins to produce its corresponding RNA and protein products. This process is essential for cellular functions and development, as it allows cells to respond to environmental signals and changes, influencing cell behavior and identity.
3 Μαρ 2021 · Gene activation The process of activation of a gene so that it is expressed at a particular time. This process is crucial in growth and development.
Steroid hormones (like testosterone and estrogen) regulate gene expression. In the previous tutorials in this unit, our discussion of hormones and signaling pathways focused on activating dormant enzymes in the cytoplasm.
In translation, the complex that assembles to start the process is referred to as the initiation complex. The first protein to bind to the RNA to initiate translation is the eukaryotic initiation factor-2 (eIF-2). The eIF-2 protein is active when it binds to the high-energy molecule guanosine triphosphate (GTP).
