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This “recycling” process, later named “seafloor spreading,” carries off older sediment and fossils, and moves the continents as new ocean crust spreads away from the ridges. Supporting Wegener’s theory of continental drift, Hess explained how the once-joined continents had separated into the seven that exist today.
Harry Hess published 'The History of Ocean Basins' in 1962, outlining a theory of how tectonic plates can move which was later called 'sea floor spreading'. He identified the presence of mid ocean ridges, and that ocean trenches are where ocean floor is destroyed and recycled.
18 Νοε 2024 · The seafloor spreading hypothesis was proposed by the American geophysicist Harry H. Hess in 1960. On the basis of Tharp’s efforts and other new discoveries about the deep-ocean floor, Hess postulated that molten material from Earth’s mantle continuously wells up along the crests of the mid-ocean ridges that wind for nearly 80,000 km ...
rd, 1972; Moores and Vine, 1988). The hypothesis of sea-floor spreading brought together three ofHess's long-standing research interests: I) the structure and evolution of island arcs (beginning circa 1930); 2) the origin ofocean-basin topography (beginning circa 1940); and 3) the nature ofthe oce.
Hess referred to this process as “seafloor spreading”. Hess’ theory solved a few unanswered geological questions, such as how it was possible that fossils older than 180 million years could be found on land but not under the ocean.
20 Νοε 2024 · Hess’s model was later dubbed seafloor spreading by the American oceanographer Robert S. Dietz. Confirmation of the production of oceanic crust at ridge crests and its subsequent lateral transfer came from an ingenious analysis of transform faults by Canadian geophysicist J. Tuzo Wilson .
He published theories on sea floor spreading, specifically on relationships between island arcs, seafloor gravity anomalies, and serpentinized peridotite, suggesting that the convection in the Earth's mantle is the driving force behind this process.
