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30 Οκτ 2023 · This article will review the embryology of the bone marrow as well as its histology. Additionally, the constituent cell lineages and their function will be discussed, together with clinically relevant processes and pathologies.
Depending on need, the bone marrow microenvironment and growth factors influence pluripotent stem cells to differentiate into committed stem cells of either the myeloid or lymphoid series (multipotential stem cells), or the second stage of hematopoiesis.
The bone marrow is best described as a unique semisolid organ which exists in a fine balance and has a dynamic relationship with lymphoid tissues and the peripheral blood. The main function of the marrow is production of haematopoietic cells which develop from a small group of self-propagating stem cells.
Article notes. Copyright and License information. PMCID: PMC7114821 PMID: 22285155. Bone marrow evaluation is indicated when the routine examination of a blood smear has failed to provide an answer to the question: What is causing an observed hematologic abnormality?
The bone marrow is the ∼ major hematopoietic organ, and a primary lymphoid tissue, responsible for the production of erythrocytes, granulocytes, monocytes, lymphocytes and platelets.
The main functions of bone tissue include: Structural support; Protection of internal organs and soft tissues from damage; Locomotion; Mineral storage; Production of blood cells; Endocrine regulation. The basic mechanical property of bone tissue is its strength, which provides both support and protection and ensures a framework for the body [1].
In decalcified, paraffin-embedded, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained sections of bone marrow, the more mature stages of the erythroid and myeloid cells, adipocytes, mast cells, and megakaryocytes can be identified, but lymphoid cells as well as immature progenitor cells can not be reliably identified.
