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This article provides an overview of the physiological mechanisms of pain and the important pain pathways. We will discuss pain receptors, transmission of pain signals to the spinal cord and pain pathways within the spinal cord. We will also look at how pain can be modulated at different levels along the pathway.
In the present article we give an outline of the pathways and brain regions involved in pain processing, the most important mediators, receptors and ion channels, as well as peripheral and central mechanisms for increased pain sensitivity and chronification of pain.
Pain is a subjective experience with two complementary aspects: one is a localized sensation in a particular body part; the other is an unpleasant quality of varying severity commonly associated with behaviors directed at relieving or terminating the experience.
1 Ιαν 2009 · We have a better understanding of the sources of pain and anxiety and adverse effects of undertreated pain in children, dispelled myths surrounding pain management in pediatric and neonatal...
Introduction. Pain is a vital function of the nervous system in providing the body with a warning of potential or actual injury. It is both a sensory and emotional experience, affected by psychological factors such as past experiences, beliefs about pain, fear or anxiety.
microbes affect nociceptors and the perception of pain. We will first focus on the known molecular mechanisms through which pathogenic microbes communicate with sensory afferent neurons to induce pain behavior. We will discuss how bacterial pathogens use toxins, N-formyl peptides, and other molecular patterns to cause pain.
pain from the periphery to the brain. There is also a network of pathways that carry modulatory signals from the brain and brainstem that alter the incoming flow of pain information. This article provides a review to the physiology and processing of pain. (KEYWORDS: ascending pain pathways, descending modulation, pain, nociceptors)
