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The three basic principles for this tutorial can be explained using electrons, or more specifically, the charge they create: Voltage is the difference in charge between two points. Current is the rate at which charge is flowing. Resistance is a material's tendency to resist the flow of charge (current).
The flow of negatively charged particles makes electricity work. A switch controls this flow of electrons by creating an open or closed circuit. When the circuit is closed, the negative charges flow freely, allowing electricity to power your devices.
Electrical Current, Charge and Potential Worksheet. 1. Calculate the unknown quantity. (a) I = 0.4 A, t = 20 s. Q = ? (b) Q = 240 C, t = 300 s, I = ? (c) I = 2 A, Q = 400 C, t=? (d) Q = 140 C, t = 4 minutes, I = ? (e) I = 0.3 A, t = 1.5 hours, Q = ? 2. A current of 1.5 A flows through a lightbulb for 10 minutes.
Charge of any ordinary matter is quantized in integral multiples of e. An electron carries one unit of negative charge, −e, while a proton carries one unit of positive charge, +e. In a closed system, the total amount of charge is conserved since charge can neither be created nor destroyed.
As current is defined in terms of quantity of charge delivered per unit of time, there is a relationship between charge, current and time, given by: q = I t (or I = q/t), where: • q is the charge measured in coulombs (C), • I is the current measured in amps (A), and. • t is the time measured in seconds (s).
Charging an Object Section 12.1. Each of the diagrams in Student Worksheets 12.1B–12.1C represent a method of charging an object. Explain the steps involved in each method and indicate on the diagram, using the flow of electrons.
1. If there is a current of 10 amperes in a circuit for 10 minutes, what quantity of electric charge flows in through the circuit? 2. How much current must there be in a circuit if 100 coulombs flow past a point in the circuit in 4 seconds? 3. How much time is required for 10 coulombs of charge to flow past a point if the rate of flow
