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13 Νοε 2022 · Identify three special properties of water that make it unusual for a molecule of its size, and explain how these result from hydrogen bonding. Explain what is meant by hydrogen bonding and the molecular structural features that bring it about.
23 Ιουν 2023 · Separation of two molecules joined by a hydrogen bond requires 10 to 30 kJ mol –1, roughly 10 times the energy needed to overcome dipole forces. Thus hydrogen bonding can account for the unusually high boiling points of NH 3, H 2 O, and HF.
15 Σεπ 2020 · Five dominant HB configurations are identified in water: two types of tetrahedral, single donor (SD) HB configuration, single hydrogen-bonded water (SHW), and free water (FW) without any hydrogen bonds, which are represented by five sub-bands.
Hydrogen bonding between water molecules (intermolecular forces) explains many of the unusual properties of water, including high cohesion and adhesion, high surface tension, high specific heat and heat of vaporization.
30 Ιαν 2023 · Water is an ideal example of hydrogen bonding. Notice that each water molecule can potentially form four hydrogen bonds with surrounding water molecules: two with the hydrogen atoms and two with the with the oxygen atoms.
Hydrogen bonding occurs when an atom of hydrogen is attracted by rather strong forces to two atoms instead of only one, so that it may be considered to be acting as a bond between them [99].h Typically hydrogen bonding occurs where the partially positively charged hydrogen atom lies between partially negatively charged oxygen and/or nitrogen ato...
In water's hydrogen bonds, the hydrogen atom is covalently attached to the oxygen of a water molecule (492.2145 kJ ˣ mol −1 [350]) but has (optimally) an additional attraction (about 23.3 kJ mol −1 [168]. This is the energy (ΔH) required for breaking the bond and completely separating the atoms.
