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The review presents the main pathogenetic mechanisms of hypernatremia, provides specific directions for the evaluation of patients with increased sodium levels and describes a detailed algorithm for the proper correction of hypernatremia.
25 Οκτ 2023 · Treatment of hypernatraemia is directed at addressing the underlying cause, as well as replacing free water deficit and ongoing losses while monitoring serum sodium concentration. It is important not to correct the serum sodium concentration too rapidly in cases of chronic hypernatraemia.
The human body maintains a normal osmolality between 280 and 295 mOsm/kg via Arginine Vasopressin (AVP), thirst, and the renal response to AVP; dysfunction of all three of these factors can cause hypernatremia.
17 Μαΐ 2024 · This topic will focus on the treatment of hypernatremia induced by water loss, which is the most common cause. The treatment of hypernatremia in patients with impaired thirst, with or without arginine vasopressin disorders, and with primary sodium overload will also be reviewed.
21 Μαρ 2018 · Healthcare-acquired hypernatremia (serum sodium >145 mEq/dL) is common among critically ill and other hospitalized patients and is usually treated with hypotonic fluid and/or diuretics to correct a “free water deficit.”
A review of ICD9 (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision) codes, imaging reports, and discharge summaries failed to identify any patient who developed seizures or cerebral edema during correction of hypernatremia.
Basic principles. HR should be corrected slowly (particularly if HR is of unknown duration or chronic) as rapid correction can induce cerebral edema, seizures, permanent neurological damage and death (rate of correction of Na should be <0.5 mmol/l/hour or <12 mmol/l/day).
