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24 Αυγ 2023 · Hypernatremia is defined as a serum sodium concentration of greater than 145 meq/l. This activity reviews the causes and presentation and highlights the role of the interprofessional team in its management. Objectives: Review the causes of hypernatremia. Describe the evaluation of a patient with hypernatremia.
17 Μαΐ 2024 · This topic will focus on the treatment of hypernatremia induced by water loss, which is the most common cause. The treatment of hypernatremia in patients with impaired thirst, with or without arginine vasopressin disorders, and with primary sodium overload will also be reviewed.
Basic principles. HR should be corrected slowly (particularly if HR is of unknown duration or chronic) as rapid correction can induce cerebral edema, seizures, permanent neurological damage and death (rate of correction of Na should be <0.5 mmol/l/hour or <12 mmol/l/day).
25 Οκτ 2023 · Treatment of hypernatraemia is directed at addressing the underlying cause, as well as replacing free water deficit and ongoing losses while monitoring serum sodium concentration. It is important not to correct the serum sodium concentration too rapidly in cases of chronic hypernatraemia.
• Ensure adequate IV access and treat cause of hypernatraemia • If hypovolaemia present, give normal saline as fluid replacement • If/once ECFV is normal, give 5% dextrose or dextrose saline • Reassess clinically and repeat sodium and serum osmolality in 8 hours
In studies with adult pa-tient populations, sNa concentrations above 160 mmol/L (severe hypernatremia) are associated with a 75% mortality rate [3,12,14]. Neonatal hypernatremia is a potentially le-thal condition, and children with acute hypernatremia have a 10% to 70% mortality rate [13,15-17].
3. Consequences of hypernatremia Hypernatremia and the associated hyperosmolar state have a multitude of effects on bodily functions (Fig. 1). The best-known side effect of hypernatremia is its effect on neurologic function. The development of hypernatremia and, therefore, hyperosmolality leads to a shift of free water
