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The pancreatic islets or islets of Langerhans are the regions of the pancreas that contain its endocrine (hormone-producing) cells, discovered in 1869 by German pathological anatomist Paul Langerhans. [1]
The pancreatic islets are small islands of cells that produce hormones that regulate blood glucose levels. Hormones produced in the pancreatic islets are secreted directly into the bloodstream by five different types of cells. The alpha cells produce glucagon, and make up 15–20% of total islet cells.
The endocrine pancreas is organized into islets of Langerhans, consisting of five cell subtypes: α, β, δ, ε, and PP cells that secrete glucagon, insulin, somatostatin, ghrelin, and pancreatic polypeptide, respectively. Islet cells make up only 2% of the adult pancreatic mass.
30 Οκτ 2023 · Pancreatic Islets are spherical clusters of polygonal endocrine cells. On a pancreas histological slide stained with H&E, they appear as large, pale-staining cells enveloped by intensely staining, basophilic pancreatic acini.
The tissues with an endocrine role can be seen under staining as lightly-stained clusters of cells, called pancreatic islets (islets of Langerhans). Darker-staining cells form clusters called acini, which are arranged in lobes separated by a thin fibrous barrier.
Although it is primarily an exocrine gland, secreting a variety of digestive enzymes, the pancreas also has endocrine cells. Its pancreatic islets —clusters of cells formerly known as the islets of Langerhans—secrete the hormones glucagon, insulin, somatostatin, and pancreatic polypeptide (PP).
29 Σεπ 2015 · A healthy human pancreas from a donor has been used to asses various islet parameters and their three-dimensional distribution. Here we show that islets are spread gradually from the head up to...
