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The pancreatic islets or islets of Langerhans are the regions of the pancreas that contain its endocrine (hormone-producing) cells, discovered in 1869 by German pathological anatomist Paul Langerhans. [1]
Definition. Pancreatic islets are clusters of cells in the pancreas that produce and secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate blood sugar levels. These cells are crucial for maintaining glucose homeostasis in the body.
islets of Langerhans - cellular masses composed of different cell types that comprise the endocrine portion of the pancreas and are the source of insulin and glucagon. Synonym (s): islet tissue; Langerhans islands; pancreatic islands; pancreatic islets. Langerhans cell granulomatosis.
The pancreatic islets are small islands of cells that produce hormones that regulate blood glucose levels. Hormones produced in the pancreatic islets are secreted directly into the bloodstream by five different types of cells. The alpha cells produce glucagon, and make up 15–20% of total islet cells.
i's of Langerhans (pancreatic i's) irregular microscopic structures scattered throughout the pancreas and comprising its endocrine portion. They contain the alpha cells, which secrete the hyperglycemic factor glucagon; the beta cells, which secrete insulin, and whose degeneration is one of the causes of diabetes mellitus ; and the delta cells ...
The islets of Langerhans constitute the endocrine pancreas which regulates blood glucose homeostasis and their dysfunction results in diabetes. Each of the pancreatic islets constitutes an entire micro-organ with intricate cell to cell interactions and that is well vascularized and innervated.
Human pancreas has around one to two million islets which comprise 1–2% of the pancreatic mass and they receive about 10–15% of pancreatic blood flow. The islets house five major secretory cell types α, β, δ, F and ε cells. The α cells produce glucagon and make up 20% of each islet.
