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2 Σεπ 2020 · This paper acknowledges the work (in this journal) of Osse and Cano, who reported a clear association between fatal shootings by police and homicide rates across 11 jurisdictions. We re-focus their thesis to the specific context of the routine arming of police officers.
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21 Φεβ 2018 · The police power to use force and firearms is granted to law enforcement officials for the fulfilment of their duties, and its exercise comes with obligations and responsibilities—notably in terms of the respect for and protection of human rights that may be affected by the use of this power.
1 Μαΐ 2022 · Less-than-lethal weapons, such as conductive energy devices (CEDs) and chemical sprays, have proliferated across law enforcement agencies over the past 30 years. This study reports on the findings of the first systematic review of the effects of police use of less-than-lethal weapons on citizen and officer harm.
7 Σεπ 1990 · Whenever the lawful use of force and firearms is unavoidable, law enforcement officials shall: (a) Exercise restraint in such use and act in proportion to the seriousness of the offence and the legitimate objective to be achieved; (b) Minimize damage and injury, and respect and preserve human life;
20 Ιουν 2023 · This may help to explain why law enforcement tends to support restrictive laws for people carrying firearms in public. The reliance on the public, as well as law enforcement, to determine who is and will remain a “law-abiding citizen” also creates disproportionate risk.
This resource book relates to the use of force and firearms by law enforcement officials. Law enforcement officials’ power to use force derives from the duty of the State to maintain public order, to protect persons within its jurisdiction, and ensure human rights and the rule of law.
Nations (UN) Basic Principles on the Use of Force and Firearms by Law Enforcement Officials (BPUFF, 1990), and the UN Code of Conduct for Law Enforcement Officials (CCLEO, 1979), which provide specific guidelines on the use of force.
