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Logarithms are the mathematical function that is used to represent the number (y) to which a base integer (a) is raised in order to get the number x: x = ay; where y = log a(x). Most of you are familiar with the standard base-10 logarithm: y = log 10(x); where x = 10y. A logarithm for which the base is not speci ed (y = logx) is always ...
19 Ιουλ 2024 · Logarithms are mathematical functions that help in solving equations involving exponents by translating multiplication of numbers into addition of their exponents. Essentially, a logarithm asks the question: “To what exponent must one number, called the base, be raised to produce another number?”
•solve simple equations requiring the use of logarithms. Contents 1. Introduction 2 2. Why do we study logarithms ? 2 3. What is a logarithm ? if x = an then log a x = n 3 4. Exercises 4 5. The first law of logarithms log a xy = log a x+log a y 4 6. The second law of logarithms log a xm = mlog a x 5 7. The third law of logarithms log a x y ...
In this booklet we will demonstrate how logarithmic functions can be used to linearise certain functions, discuss the calculus of the exponential and logarithmic functions and give some useful applications of them.
X. EXPONENTIALS AND LOGARITHMS 5 Example 1. If one liquid has a pH which is 4 greater than the pH of a second liquid, what is the relation between the [H+] concentrations of the two liquids? (cf. p.X.1) First Solution. Using subscripts to distinguish the two liquids, (pH) 1 = (pH) 2 +4 −log[H+] 1 = −log[H+]+4
We use log as an abbreviation for the word logarithm. To find the value of a logarithm we need to solve an exponential equation. Example (a) The solution of 2x = 8 is x = 3. We can write this in logarithm notation as log 2 8 = 3 ‘log of 8 to base 2 is 3’ (b) x = 5 is the solution of 2x = 32. We can write this using logarithms as log 2
number not involving a logarithm. a) log 24 log 32 2− b) log 96 3log 2 log 43 3 3− − c) 5 5 5 1 2 log 500 log log 10 5 + − d) 2log 54 log 0.25 4log 23 3 3− − e) 8log 2 log 4 3log 96 6 6− −( ) 3 , 1 , 3 , 6 , 6