Αποτελέσματα Αναζήτησης
This chapter assesses the impact of climate change on the full spectrum of ocean and coastal ecosystems, on their services and on related human activities, and it assesses marine-related opportunities within both ecological and social systems to adapt to climate change.
The ocean is the major regulating force in the earth’s climate system and represents the largest carbon sink on the planet. Healthy marine and coastal ecosystems, and their services, are essential to maintain the earth’s life support system.
1 Ιαν 2024 · Globally, coral reefs, kelp and mangrove forests, salt marshes, seagrass beds and other bio-engineers rank among the most vulnerable marine and coastal ecosystems (hereafter MCE) to climate change (Duarte et al., 2013; Roberts et al., 2017; Spalding et al., 2014).
Restored marine and coastal ecosystems help mitigate the impacts of weather extremes and sea-level rise, thus protecting lives and livelihoods, and reducing the economic costs of damage and recovery.
The ocean and its coastal zones are regulating our climate – but for how long can this be sustained? The ocean covers 71% of the earth’s surface. However, being vast does not mean being resilient to stress. The ocean, its many organisms, habitats, ecosystems, resources and the key services it
1 Δεκ 2023 · This study aims to review the negative and positive impacts of ocean warming on marine ecosystems, focusing on the major groups, such as viruses and bacteria, phytoplankton, zooplankton, invertebrates, macroalgae, coral reefs, ectotherms, fish, seabirds, and marine mammals. We also review the social, economic, and cultural impacts on societies.
Climate change is exacerbating the impacts of environmental and anthropogenic stressors on the ocean, which are increasing the vulnerability of coastal areas and ecosystems, such as mega deltas, coral reefs and mangroves. Developing countries, including SIDS, are particularly vulnerable.
