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The Mark IV torpedo was the principal British torpedo of World War I. Designed 1912, initially available 1915, adopted for service 1916. Used by destroyers, torpedo boats, and other surface ships equipped with 21-inch torpedo tubes, such as the Royal Sovereign-class battleships.
The Mark 8 Mod 3C differed from Mod 3A and 3B by having air-sustained gyros and a different igniter. The Mark 8 Mod 3E was an export torpedo supplied at least to Brazil after 1936. It was nearly identical to the Mark 8 Mod 3A. The Mark 8 torpedoes were later used by PT boats during World War II.
Although the original design dates from the 1920s, those manufactured during and after World War II were to a much-modified design. The Mark 8** was the British torpedo most used during World War II and was supplied to destroyers and MTBs as well as submarines.
The Bliss–Leavitt Mark 8 torpedo was the United States Navy's first 21-inch (530 mm) by 21-foot (6.4 m) torpedo. [1] Although introduced prior to World War I, most of its combat use was by PT boats in World War II.
PT-131 and two other PT boats in late 1944 showing four Mark 13 torpedoes. The weight saved by replacing the Mark 8 torpedoes and their tubes on PT-131 was used to add extra twin 0.50 cal MGs, a mortar forward of the bridge, a 20 mm Oerlikon on the bow and two Mousetrap ASW rocket launchers.
Ordnancemen on board the USS San Jacinto (CVL-30) prepare to load a modified Mk 13 torpedo in the bomb bay of a TBM Avenger during the 25 October 1944 Battle off Cape Engaño. The cylindrical “pickle barrel” and box tail helped turn the torpedo into an effective weapon.
The 21 - inch Torpedo Mk VIII** was the standard torpedo used by the Royal Navy during the Second World War, and until recently, was still in limited service. It proved extremely reliable in all marine theatres of operations and formed the main armament of submarines and motor torpedo boats.
