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30 Ιουν 2023 · The Lanthanides consist of the elements in the f-block of period six in the periodic table. While these metals can be considered transition metals, they have properties that set them apart from the rest of the elements.
Lanthanides, Physical and Chemical Characteristics, Fig. 1. Position of the lanthanoids and rare earths in the periodic table, official IUPAC nomenclature, portrait of Johan Gadolin, and picture of the black stone of Ytterby from which yttrium was isolated. Full size image.
3 Μαΐ 2019 · The lanthanides are a group of 15 chemical elements, with atomic numbers 57 through 71. All of these elements have one valence electron in the 5d shell. The elements share properties in common with the first element in the group -- lanthanum. The lanthanides are reactive, silver-colored metals.
The properties of the lanthanides arise from the order in which the electron shells of these elements are filled—the outermost (6s) has the same configuration for all of them, and a deeper (4f) shell is progressively filled with electrons as the atomic number increases from 57 towards 71. [13] .
Lanthanides are a group of 13 metals that occur closely associated in nature with very similar chemical properties. To this group, an additional member, europium, does not occur in nature and the group adds to 14. Closely related to these 14 metals are scandium, yttrium, and lanthanum as shown in (Fig. 1).
21 Μαΐ 2020 · This review presents the chemical and physical properties of tetravalent lanthanide ions in extended solids and molecules with a focus on the elements apart from cerium: praseodymium, neodymium, terbium, and dysprosium.
4 Φεβ 2021 · The lanthanides share several common properties: The lanthanides (and actinides) are f-block elements or inner transition metals. What this means is that atoms of these elements have one of more electrons in an inner f-orbital.
