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About three-quarters of the Sun consists of hydrogen; the rest is mostly helium. Less than 2% consists of heavier elements, including oxygen, carbon, gold, iron, and others. Many of these elements were originally forged in supernova explosions. So we, and everything in our solar system, are made of “star stuff”2.
Our solar system is home to Earth and seven other planets. Each planet rotates on its axis while revolving around the Sun. Each planet has unique characteristics and qualities that set it apart from the others. The Sun keeps this complex arrangement in order.
Our solar system formed about 4.6 billion years ago. The four planets closest to the Sun — Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars — are called the terrestrial planets because they have solid, rocky surfaces.
of the planets. In the early 17th century, Galileo Gali-lei’s discoveries using the recently invented telescope strongly supported the concept of a “solar system” in which all the plan-ets, including Earth, revolve around a central star — the Sun. Planetary moons, the rings of Saturn, and more planets were eventually discovered: Uranus (in 1781...
SOLAR SYSTEM SOLAR SYSTEM INFORMATION CARDS . Rotation Time Revolution Time (in Earth time) Axis Tilt Orbital Velocity (km/s) Mercury 58.6467 days 87.969 days 0º 47.4 Venus 243.02 days (retrograde) 224.701 days 177º 35.0 ... (dwarf planet) 6 days, 9 hr 17.6 min 247.68 years 123º 4.7.
CHAPTER 13A TOUR OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM 3 Neil McBride and David A. Rothery 1.1 A grand tour 3 1.2 The formation of the Solar System 23 1.3 The layout of the Solar System 24 1.4 Physical properties of Solar System bodies 26 1.5 Summary of Chapter 1 29 CHAPTER 23THE INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF THE TERRESTRIAL PLANETS 31 Mike Widdowson 2.1 Introduction 31
PLANET CARDS SOLAR SYSTEM. SATURN Diameter (miles) 74,897 Diameter (kilometers) 120,535 Distance from sun in miles 890,800,000 Distance from sun in kilometers 1,433,600,000 Distance from sun in astronomical units 9.58 Period of rotation 10.7 hours Period of revolution 10,747 days (29.4 years) PLANET CARDS
