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Seafloor spreading, theory that oceanic crust forms along submarine mountain zones and spreads out laterally away from them. This idea played a pivotal role in the development of the theory of plate tectonics, which revolutionized geologic thought during the last quarter of the 20th century..
- Rifting
Other articles where rifting is discussed: plate tectonics:...
- Rifting
The mid-ocean ridge is where the seafloor spreading occurs, in which tectonic plates—large slabs of Earth’s lithosphere—split apart from each other. Seafloor spreading was proposed by an American geophysicist, Harry H. Hess in 1960.
The Vine–Matthews–Morley hypothesis, also known as the Morley–Vine–Matthews hypothesis, was the first key scientific test of the seafloor spreading theory of continental drift and plate tectonics. Its key impact was that it allowed the rates of plate motions at mid-ocean ridges to be computed.
Harry Hess published 'The History of Ocean Basins' in 1962, outlining a theory of how tectonic plates can move which was later called 'sea floor spreading'. He identified the presence of mid ocean ridges, and that ocean trenches are where ocean floor is destroyed and recycled.
Seafloor spreading helps explain continental drift in the theory of plate tectonics. When oceanic plates diverge, tensional stress causes fractures to occur in the lithosphere. The motivating force for seafloor spreading ridges is tectonic plate slab pull at subduction zones, rather than magma pressure, although there is typically significant ...
1 Ιαν 2014 · Seafloor spreading was a critical step in the contentious scientific revolution from the previous static Earth paradigm to the now universally accepted plate tectonic paradigm. Today it refers to the processes creating new oceanic lithosphere where plates move apart.
Evidence that led to the development of plate tectonic theory in the 1960s came primarily from new data from the sea floor, including topography and the magnetism of rocks. Seafloor spreading was proposed as a mechanism to drive the movement of the continents on the basis of symmetrical patterns of reversed and normal magnetic rocks on the sea ...
