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seafloor spreading, theory that oceanic crust forms along submarine mountain zones, known collectively as the mid-ocean ridge system, and spreads out laterally away from them. This idea played a pivotal role in the development of the theory of plate tectonics, which revolutionized geologic thought during the last quarter of the 20th century.
- Rifting
Other articles where rifting is discussed: plate tectonics:...
- Rifting
Harry Hess published 'The History of Ocean Basins' in 1962, outlining a theory of how tectonic plates can move which was later called 'sea floor spreading'. He identified the presence of mid ocean ridges, and that ocean trenches are where ocean floor is destroyed and recycled.
Seafloor spreading helps explain continental drift in the theory of plate tectonics. When oceanic plates diverge, tensional stress causes fractures to occur in the lithosphere.
In 1962, he proposed a groundbreaking hypothesis that proved vitally important in the development of plate tectonic theory. It addressed several geologic puzzles: If the oceans have existed for at least 4 billion years, why has so little sediment accumulated on the ocean floor?
The Vine–Matthews–Morley hypothesis, also known as the Morley–Vine–Matthews hypothesis, was the first key scientific test of the seafloor spreading theory of continental drift and plate tectonics. Its key impact was that it allowed the rates of plate motions at mid-ocean ridges to be computed.
1 Ιαν 2021 · Seafloor spreading is the mechanism by which new oceanic lithosphere is created at and moves away from the divergent plate boundaries known as mid-ocean ridges. The seafloor spreading hypothesis led to one of the most important paradigm shifts in the history of the Earth sciences, the plate tectonics scientific revolution.
In 1965, a Canadian geophysicist, J. Tuzo Wilson, combined the continental drift and seafloor spreading hypotheses to propose the theory of plate tectonics. Tuzo said that Earth’s crust, or lithosphere, was divided into large, rigid pieces called plates.
