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1 Φεβ 2015 · The article reacts on the works of the leading theorists in the fields of psychology focusing on the theory of problem solving. It contains an analysis of already published knowledge,...
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With a Gestalt approach, two main questions have to be considered to understand the process of problem solving: 1) How is a problem represented in a person’s mind?, and 2) How does solving this problem involve a reorganization or restructuring of this representation?
Problem solving research is in need for re-thinking main questions. The purpose of this paper is a stock-taking of some of the identified problems, to discuss potential remedies for them, and to look for future perspectives.
12 Φεβ 2015 · The article reacts on the works of the leading theorists in the fields of psychology focusing on the theory of problem solving. It contains an analysis of already published knowledge, compares it and evaluates it critically in order to create a basis that is corresponding to the current state of cognition.
Defining a problem. There is a problem when a goal is not immediately able to be achieved (e.g., Reitman, 1965; Newell & Simon, 1972). Problem-solving is the identification and selection of solutions to the problem.
Problem-solving is a search from the problem to the solution. Much like how a computer (in the 60s) would solve a problem. We start in an initial state and have a goal state in mind. Solving the problem involves a sequence of choices of steps, with each action creating an intermediate state.
The focus of this chapter is on these early stages of problem solving: problem recognition, problem definition, and problem representation. the problem-solving cycle. Psychologists have described the problem-solving process in terms of a cycle (Bransford & Stein, 1993; Hayes, 1989; Sternberg, 1986).
