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1.2 SCALARS AND VECTORS. Some physical quantities such as length, area, volume and mass can be completely described by a single real number. Because these quantities are describable by giving only a magnitude, they are called scalars.
Describe the difference between vector and scalar quantities. Identify the magnitude and direction of a vector. Explain the effect of multiplying a vector quantity by a scalar.
SCALAR is a quantity of physics that has MAGNITUDE only, however, direction is not associated with it. Magnitude – A numerical value with units. Some examples of scalar quantities. Vector Quantities: A VECTOR is a quantity which has both MAGNITUDE and. DIRECTION. Examples: force, displacement, velocity....
Galileo Galilee. 3.1.1 Introduction to Vectors. Certain physical quantities such as mass or the absolute temperature at some point in space only have magnitude. A single number can represent each of these quantities, with appropriate units, which are called scalar quantities.
Describe the difference between vector and scalar quantities. Identify the magnitude and direction of a vector. Explain the effect of multiplying a vector quantity by a scalar. Describe how one-dimensional vector quantities are added or subtracted. Explain the geometric construction for the addition or subtraction of vectors in a plane.
2.1 Scalar Product. Scalar (or dot) product definition: a:b = jaj:jbj cos. ab cos. (write shorthand jaj = a ). Scalar product is the magnitude of a multiplied by the projection of b onto a. Obviously if a is perpendicular to b then a:b = 0. Also a:a = jaj2. p. (since =0 ) Hence a = (a:a) 2.1.1 Properties of scalar product.
After reading this text, and/or viewing the video tutorial on this topic, you should be able to: distinguish between a vector and a scalar; understand how to add and subtract vectors; know when one vector is a multiple of another; use vectors to solve simple problems in geometry.
