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If X has the B(n, p) distribution and the sample size n is large enough (namely np t10 and n(1 p) t10), then X is approximately N np, np(1 p) . Sample Proportions n pˆ Mean E pˆ P pˆ p Standard Deviation n p p p p (1 ) s.d.( ˆ) ˆ V Sampling Distribution of pˆ If the sample size n is large enough (namely, np t10 and n(1 p) t10) then pˆ is ...
The approach of this Handbook is to present commonly used steps and formulas in statistics, provide an example of how to conduct the calculations by hand, and then an example of software output.
A Student’s Guide to Interpreting SPSS Output for Basic Analyses. These slides give examples of SPSS output with notes about interpretation. All analyses were conducted using the Family Exchanges Study, Wave 1 (target dataset)1 from ICPSR.
Matched pairs (dependent samples) /2 Confidence Interval < < where with d.f. = 1 Hypothesis Test with . . 1 d d d d dE d E s Et n n d t df n s n α µ µ −+ =− − = = − Two Sample Variances 22 2 2 12 2 22 1 11 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 12 2 12 Confidence Interval for and 11 Hypothesis Test Statistic: where numerator . . 1 and denominator . . 1 ...
1 sample 2 samples 3 or more samples 1 sample 2 samples σ known Confidence Interval n E z σ = α/2 x −E <µ<x +E Sample Size 2 /2 ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ ⋅ = E z n α σ Test Statistic n x z σ −µ = σ unknown Confidence Interval n E t s = α/ 2 p df = n – 1 x −E <µ<x +E Test Statistic s n x t −µ = df = n – 1 Matched Pairs ...
4 Οκτ 2022 · Statistical outlier detection involves applying statistical tests or procedures to identify extreme values. You can convert extreme data points into z scores that tell you how many standard deviations away they are from the mean.
1.1 The Mean, Median and Mode. When given a set of raw data one of the most useful ways of summarising that data is to find an average of that set of data. An average is a measure of the centre of the data set. There are three common ways of describing the centre of a set of numbers.
