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Digestion takes place in the alimentary canal by means of enzymes secreted mostly by the stomach, pancreas and small intestine. Mechanical movements such as chewing initially break down food before mixing it in the stomach and intestine.
The primary function of the small intestine is the digestion of food and absorption of nutrients and minerals aided by bile salts and enzymes that are provided by the liver and the pancreas via ducts entering the proximal part of the small intestine, the duodenum.
The small intestine’s absorptive cells also synthesize digestive enzymes and then place them in the plasma membranes of the microvilli. This distinguishes the small intestine from the stomach; that is, enzymatic digestion occurs not only in the lumen, but also on the luminal surfaces of the mucosal cells.
The small intestine’s absorptive cells also synthesize digestive enzymes and then place them in the plasma membranes of the microvilli. This distinguishes the small intestine from the stomach; that is, enzymatic digestion occurs not only in the lumen, but also on the luminal surfaces of the mucosal cells.
The gastric juices, which include enzymes in the stomach, act on the food particles and continue the process of digestion. Further breakdown of food takes place in the small intestine where enzymes produced by the liver, the small intestine, and the pancreas continue the process of digestion.
20 Απρ 2024 · Function. The small intestine's principal function is to break down food, absorb nutrients the body needs, and excrete unnecessary components. This gastrointestinal segment also participates in immune functions, acting as a barrier to intraluminal bacteria.
The mucosa and submucosa form large folds and contain microvilli, to increase the surface area, enabling for efficient absorption. The small intestine receives secretory products from other abdominal viscera, including bile, pancreatic enzymes and alkaline juice, which are vital for digestion.
