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approximately 44 sounds in English, with some variation dependent on accent and articulation. The 44 English phonemes are represented by the 26 letters of the alphabet individually and in combination.
establish a system of sound distinctions relevant to a particular language. It then seeks to determine how the elements of this abstract system behave in actual speech.
Phonetics is the study of speech sounds. We are able to segment a continuous stream of speech into distinct parts and recognize the parts in other words. Everyone who knows a language knows how to segment sentences into words and words into sounds.
28.1 Speech Sounds and Phonetic Transcription A letter like ‘p’ or ‘a’ is already a useful model of the sounds of human speech, and indeed we’ll see in Chapter 16 how to map between letters and waveforms.
Sounds: how to pronounce vowels and consonants. Sound Comparison: focus on difficult sounds that are often confusing. Spelling & Sound: how to turn written English into speech. Structure: how English joins together and the weak/strong structure. Intonation: the use of pitch and stress in speech.
The alphabet which we use to write English has 26 letters but in English there are approximately 44 speech sounds. To represent the basic sound of spoken languages linguists use a set of phonetic symbols called the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA).
sounds found at the beginning and end of English words has shown that two groups of sounds with quite different patterns of distribution can be identified, and these two groups are those of vowel and consonant.
