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29 Αυγ 2023 · Most sulfates, including those of \(\ce{Na^{+}}\), \(\ce{K^{+}}\), and \(\ce{NH4^{+}}\), are soluble in water. Exceptions that are insoluble are white lead(II) sulfate and white barium sulfate: \[\ce{BaSO4(s) <=> Ba2+(aq) + SO42-(aq)} \nonumber \]
- 4.2: Precipitation and Solubility Rules
Which solution could be used to precipitate the barium ion,...
- 4.2: Precipitation and Solubility Rules
There are several tests for sulfate ion to identify from other anions in qualitative analysis. Some of metal sulfate compounds are soluble in water and some metal sulfates form precipitates. Sulfate compounds of several d block metal cations form colours.
In weathering or contact with aerated water, the sulfides are oxidized to yield sulfate ions which are carried off in the water. Sulfate is carried to bodies of water by rain and through solution of sulfate compounds in sedimentary geologic formations within the drainage basin.
The sulfate anion consists of a central sulfur atom surrounded by four equivalent oxygen atoms in a tetrahedral arrangement. The symmetry of the isolated anion is the same as that of methane. The sulfur atom is in the +6 oxidation state while the four oxygen atoms are each in the −2 state.
When ionic compounds dissolve in water, the ions in the solid separate and disperse uniformly throughout the solution because water molecules surround and solvate the ions, reducing the strong electrostatic forces between them.
Check Your Learning. What is the hydronium ion concentration in a 0.100- M solution of ammonium nitrate, NH 4 NO 3, a salt composed of the ions NH4+ NH 4 + and NO3−. NO 3 −.
Which solution could be used to precipitate the barium ion, Ba 2+, in a water sample: sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide, or sodium sulfate? What is the formula for the expected precipitate? Answer. sodium sulfate, BaSO 4
