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  1. 1 Δεκ 2023 · Topology as a spatial property gives value to 3D GIS by maintaining connectivity, adjacency, and containment information. This study attempted to understand how topology is used in 3D GIS...

  2. 16 Απρ 2014 · Using the concept of metrics, metric spaces and hence the topological spaces, the geometry provides the means for the quantitative description of the spatial characteristics of the features associated with objects.

  3. 1 Ιαν 2017 · Topological relations between spatial objects have been widely recognized, implemented, and used in GIS. They provide a notion of the general structure and the interactions of spatial objects. Topology avoids dealing with geometry by introducing topological primitives, namely, boundary, interior, and exterior.

  4. Topology is an important kind of knowledge in Geographical Information Systems (GISs). In this paper a small set of user-oriented topological relationships and operators is used as formal background for the implementation of topology on top of the 02 Database Management System (DBMS).

  5. Topological functionalities are well understood in the context of GIS, which involve the dynamics of problems within and across neighbourhoods. As we know, in the geographic framework, the neighbourhood concept remains a focal point forever for the objects associated with it.

  6. topology in GIS. The main aim of this article is to trigger further discussion, development and identification of additional applications that would make the GIS–Topology bond stronger. Keywords: GIS; metric; topology; perspective metric; perspective topology; homeomorphism; compactness 1. Introduction

  7. The paper is organised as follows: Section 2 provides a brief description of analytical topology as applied within the GIS context and gives an overview of the frameworks for 3D topology used in the analysis process as well as of approaches to implementation.