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This section will discuss some of the major trade offs associated with various life history traits and strategies and how these trade offs produce sets of traits that are commonly found together. As outlined in the previous section, a fundamental life history trait is the number of offspring produced per mating.
In anemone fish, the nonapeptides arginine, vasotocin, and isotocin mediate a trade-off in parental care behaviors on a timescale of tens of minutes (DeAngelis et al. 2020). Physiological responses that mediate acute trade-offs can also occur within seconds to minutes to hours.
20 Ιαν 2014 · Empirically, trade-offs usually are initially identified by comparing species or individuals within species, and testing for a negative relationship between two (or more) traits. A classic example is the trade-off between speed and stamina among species of animals (e.g., cats versus dogs) and among Olympic athletes (e.g., the best sprinters are ...
In accord with predictions of life his-tory theory, poor quality of life necessitates trade-offs in human growth and development, productivity, reproduction, and health. It seems inappropriate at the present time to consider these trade-offs as predictive re-sponses that lead to adaptation.
14 Δεκ 2021 · These studies highlight the advantages of addressing trade-offs in multiple ways: focusing on populations that differ in selective regimes, analyzing trade-offs through development using well-defined performance metrics, and including multiple types of trade-offs simultaneously.
30 Σεπ 2019 · We compared the results from 22 studies of plant senescence in the wild and compiled 20 examples of life-history trade-offs in plants. Some of the unique features of plants that may influence senescence patterns and trade-offs in the wild are highlighted through the results.
The chapter opens with examples of well-documented trade-offs, then distinguishes between physiological trade-offs—energy allocations between two or more functions competing for the same resources within a single individual—and evolutionary trade-offs, defined by manipulation experiments on phenotypes and by the correlated response to ...
