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4 Οκτ 2022 · The three tutorials focus on the science of underwater sound, the potential effects of underwater sound on marine animals, and the ecological risk assessment process for determining possible effects from a specific sound source.
Sound propagates underwater at a very low speed of 1500 m/s, and propagation occurs over multiple paths. Delay spreading over tens or even hundreds of milliseconds results in a frequency-selective signal distortion, while motion creates an extreme Doppler effect.
2 ημέρες πριν · Underwater acoustic technology finds extensive application across various domains, including marine environmental monitoring, resource exploration, intelligence gathering, and underwater communication [1,2].As a fundamental parameter that characterizes marine acoustics, the speed of sound in oceanic environments plays a crucial role in determining the propagation characteristics of acoustic waves.
Underwater acoustics (also known as hydroacoustics) is the study of the propagation of sound in water and the interaction of the mechanical waves that constitute sound with the water, its contents and its boundaries. The water may be in the ocean, a lake, a river or a tank.
1) Calculate the length of propagation paths, for the direct path, one reflection paths, two reflection paths, and three reflection paths. 2) For each path, calculate the time of arrival to the receiver assuming a uniform sound speed of c=1500 m/s. 3) For each path, calculate the transmission loss, which is the sum of all reflection
1 Μαΐ 2022 · There is a growing recognition for the importance of standards and best practice guidance with respect to reported sound level metrics, as well as in language and terminology surrounding underwater sound monitoring and management (e.g., Ainslie et al., 2022; IQOE, 2019; Martin et al., 2021).
18 Δεκ 2023 · This article introduces an iterative technique aimed at jointly estimating target location and sound propagation speed in a 3-D underwater environment characterized by an isogradient sound speed profile (SSP).
