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Worksheet on Entropy and Free Energy. Define entropy in your own words, and list the variables or conditions that you must consider when comparing the entropy of two substances, or when trying to determine the relative change in entropy.
Entropy. 1. Calculate the change in entropy of a large vat of molten copper when 50 J of energy is removed reversible from it as heat at 1100 °C. 2. Calculate the change in entropy of 1.0 L of water at 0 °C when it absorbs 235 J of energy from a heater.
ΔSsys is the entropy change of the system. ΔSsurr is the entropy change of the surroundings. I.) ΔStotal = ΔS sys + ΔSsurr. ΔStotal = 30 J/K + 50 J/K. ΔStotal = 80 J/K. The total entropy change is positive, therefore the reaction will be spontaneous. II.) ΔStotal = ΔS sys + ΔSsurr. ΔStotal = 60 J/K + -85 J/K. ΔStotal = -25 J/K. The ...
13 Φεβ 2023 · When a system undergoes a chemical reaction or physical change, the overall entropy changes. This overall entropy change, \(ΔS_{total}\), is the sum of the change in entropy of the system and of its surroundings: \[ΔS_{total} = ΔS_{system} + ΔS_{surroundings}\nonumber \] Some changes occur spontaneously, and others must be forced.
What is a spontaneous process? What determines spontaneity? Define Gibb’s free energy, enthalpy, and entropy, and the relationship between them. Predict the sign of ΔS in the following processes. Briefly explain your answer: 3 O2(g) ⇌ 2 O3(g) H2O(l) ⇌ H2O(g) 4 Al(s) + 3 O2(g) ⇌ 2 Al2O3(s) H2SO4(aq) ⇌ 2 H+ (aq) + SO 2- 4 (aq)
ENTROPY WORKSHEET. Entropy is the degree of randomness in a substance. The symbol for change in entropy is ∆S. Solids are very ordered and have low entropy. Liquids and aqueous ions have more entropy because they move about more freely, and gases have an even larger amount of entropy.
Calculate the change in entropy of the surroundings when water freezes at −10.°C; use ΔHfus(H2O) = 6.0 kJ·mol−1 at −10.°C. Answer: We can expect the entropy of the surroundings to increase when water freezes because the heat released stirs up the thermal motion of the atoms in the surroundings.
