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1.3 Unit vectors. A unit vector (sometimes called versor) is a vector with magnitude equal to one. e.g. Three unit vectors defined by orthogonal components of the Cartesian coordinate system: z. k. i = (1,0,0), obviously jij = 1. j = (0,1,0), jjj = 1. k = (0,0,1), jkj = 1.
A vector is a quantity that has both a magnitude (or size) and a direction. Both of these properties must be given in order to specify a vector completely. In this unit we describe how to write down vectors, how to add and subtract them, and how to use them in geometry.
Galileo Galilee. 3.1.1 Introduction to Vectors. Certain physical quantities such as mass or the absolute temperature at some point in space only have magnitude. A single number can represent each of these quantities, with appropriate units, which are called scalar quantities.
these units can be used to describe other physical quantities such as velocity (m/s), and acceleration (m/s2). Sometimes the string of units gets to be so long that we contract them into a new unit called a derived unit. For example, A unit of force has base units of kg m s2! newton or N where the newton (N) is a derived unit. 3.1 Physical ...
Chapter 1. Units and Vectors: Tools for Physics. 1.1 The Important Stuff. 1.1.1 The SI System. Physics is based on measurement. Measurements are made by comparisons to well–defined standards which define the units for our measurements. The SI system (popularly known as the metric system) is the one used in physics.
For example, a force applied at a point is a vector: it is completely determined by the magnitude of the force and the direction in which it is applied. An object moving in space has, at any given time, a direction of motion, and a speed. This is represented by the velocity vector of the motion.
Vector quantity: quantity with a magnitude and a direction. It can be represented by a vector. Examples: displacement, velocity, acceleration. Same displacement. Displacement does not describe the object’s path. Scalar quantity: quantity with magnitude, no direction.
