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The first step involves RNA polymerase, an enzyme that unwinds and unzips the double helix to access a protein-coding gene. The gene's DNA sequence is used as the template for transcribing an RNA copy of that gene, which the polymerase assembles from a chain of nucleotides.
6 ημέρες πριν · RNA, complex compound of high molecular weight that functions in cellular protein synthesis and replaces DNA as a carrier of genetic codes in some viruses. RNA consists of ribose nucleotides and the nitrogenous bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil.
21 Απρ 2024 · Proteins within a cell have many functions, including building cellular structures and serving as enzyme catalysts for cellular chemical reactions that give cells their specific characteristics. The three main types of RNA directly involved in protein synthesis are messenger RNA (mRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and transfer RNA (tRNA).
24 Μαΐ 2024 · When the mRNAs enter cells in the body, the cells use the mRNAs to produce virus proteins and display them to the immune system. This teaches the immune system to recognize the virus, promoting a strong response if the immune system encounters the virus, protecting the person in the future.
29 Ιουλ 2023 · RNA carries genetic information that is translated by ribosomes into various proteins necessary for cellular processes. mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA are the three main types of RNA involved in protein synthesis.
20 Σεπ 2022 · Over 170 different modifications of nucleotides have been identified in RNA, some important for the structure, function or stability of rRNAs, tRNAs, snRNAs and snoRNAs, as well as mRNAs and other non-coding RNAs.
The central dogma of molecular biology suggests that the primary role of RNA is to convert the information stored in DNA into proteins. In reality, there is much more to the RNA story.
