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What does RNA do? RNA carries biological information. DNA's function is to store information in the genome - the book of life, or instruction manual for creating an organism. RNA, on the other hand, plays various roles that influence how genes (DNA's instructions) are read, which determines characteristics like observable features and physiology.
The function of RNA is to transfer the genetic code found in DNA out of the nucleus and carry it to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm. Ribosomes are where proteins are produced - they ‘read’ the RNA to make polypeptides (proteins) in a process known as translation.
Whitehead Institute researchers Silvi Rouskin, Ankur Jain, and David Bartel discuss how their RNA research connects to health and disease, including viral infections and neurodegeneration. This podcast is part of a multimedia series on RNA.
this is just what your body does to function: it transcribes your DNA into RNA and then translates the RNA into Proteins. These proteins then fold and perform most of the functions in your body. We call this the central dogma of biology.
RNA is an intermediate molecule that actually carries the information in DNA to the ribosomes, so the proteins can be made. RNA is made from DNA in the nucleus by a process called transcription. See Figure 1. Let’s practice transcribing a segment of DNA.
• Diagnostic tests for viral infections can detect viral RNA, viral antigens, or antibodies the body has produced in response to the virus. • Vaccines protect from future disease by delivering antigens that trigger an immune response without causing an actual infection.
The central dogma of molecular biology suggests that the primary role of RNA is to convert the information stored in DNA into proteins. In reality, there is much more to the RNA story.
