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Determine the speed of sound in different media. Derive the equation for the speed of sound in air. Determine the speed of sound in air for a given temperature. Sound, like all waves, travels at a certain speed and has the properties of frequency and wavelength.
- 17.2: Speed of Sound, Frequency, and Wavelength
The speed of sound is affected by temperature in a given...
- 17.2: Speed of Sound, Frequency, and Wavelength
Calculate the speed of sound (the sonic velocity) in gases, fluids or solids. A disturbance introduced in some point of a substance - solid or fluid - will propagate through the substance as a wave with a finite velocity.
The speed of sound is the distance travelled per unit of time by a sound wave as it propagates through an elastic medium. More simply, the speed of sound is how fast vibrations travel. At 20 °C (68 °F), the speed of sound in air is about 343 m/s (1,125 ft/s; 1,235 km/h; 767 mph; 667 kn), or 1 km in 2.91 s or one mile in 4.69 s.
Speed of sound in air at standard atmospheric pressure with temperatures ranging -40 to 1000 °C (-40 to 1500 °F) - Imperial and SI Units.
Determine the speed of sound in air for a given temperature. Sound, like all waves, travels at a certain speed and has the properties of frequency and wavelength. You can observe direct evidence of the speed of sound while watching a fireworks display (Figure 17.4).
The speed of sound is affected by temperature in a given medium. For air at sea level, the speed of sound is given by \[v_w = (331 \, m/s)\sqrt{\dfrac{T}{273 \, K}},\] where the temperature (denoted as \(T\)) is in units of kelvin. The speed of sound in gases is related to the average speed of particles in the gas, \(v_{rms}\), and that
This leads to a commonly used approximate formula for the sound speed in air: For temperatures near room temperature, the speed of sound in air can be calculated from this convenient approximate relationship, but the more general relationship is needed for calculations in helium or other gases.
