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Venera 10 (Russian: Венера-10 meaning Venus 10), or 4V-1 No. 661, [4] was a Soviet uncrewed space mission to Venus. It consisted of an orbiter and a lander. It was launched on June 14, 1975, 03:00:31 UTC and had a mass of 5033 kg (11096 lb). [5]
Model of a Venera lander. Venera 13 and 14 (1981–82) each had a descent craft/lander that contained most of the instrumentation and electronics, and a flyby spacecraft that was used as a communications relay. The design was similar to the earlier Venera 9–12 landers.
15 Ιουλ 2015 · One new idea, for additional thermal protection, was the addition of phase-change material. Lithium nitrate trihydrate melts at 30° C, absorbing a large amount of heat, due to its high latent heat of fusion.
31 Δεκ 2014 · A photo of the Venera 10 landing site showed a smoother surface than that of its twin. Like Venera 9, the Venera 10 lander was supposed to take a 360_ panorama but covered only 180_ of the surroundings because of a stuck lens cover.
Only four spacecraft have ever returned images from Venus’ surface. The world next door doesn’t make it easy, with searing heat and crushing pressure that quickly destroy any lander. In 1975 and 1982, four of the Soviet Union’s Venera probes captured our only images of Venus’ surface.
12 Σεπ 2021 · Venera 10. Venera 10, which entered orbit around Venus on Oct. 23, 1975 and landed two days later, sent back black-and-white images of flattened lava rocks and measured the speed of the...
22 Οκτ 2015 · The Venera 10 lander touched down on a rolling plain with low outcrops of bedrock interspersed with weathered granular material visible to the horizon. The lander itself had come down on a three-meter slab that tilted the lander back about 8°.
