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The organizers employ mules to reduce the risk of getting caught themselves. Methods of smuggling include hiding the goods in vehicles or carried items, attaching them to one's body, or using the body as a container. In the case of transporting illegal drugs, the term drug mule applies.
3 Ιαν 2012 · Drug mules are reported to be transporting all of the major illicit drug types through Europe and making full use of all European transport routes. This paper draws a number of conclusions and recommendations for further investigation into drug markets and related responses.
Popularly known as 'drug mules', the victims are made to swallow balloons containing illicit drugs and are then transported across borders. Once they have reached their destination, these balloons are retrieved from the victim's body.
Using this information as a base, the following definition of ‘drug mule’ is proposed: A drug courier who is paid, coerced or tricked into transporting drugs across an international border but who has no further commercial interest in the drugs. This concept/definition was then tested by surveying professionals, academics and practitioners
The use of human drug couriers, commonly referred to as ‘drug mules’, is a favoured method of trafficking drugs into Europe, with the drugs secreted either in the courier’s body or in their belongings.1 A thematic paper by the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) reports on efforts to determine if it is ...
This project proposes the following definition of "drug mule:" a drug courier who is paid, coerced, or tricked into transporting drugs across an international border, but who has no further commercial interest in the drugs.
20 Δεκ 2012 · A definition of ‘drug mules’ for use in a European context. by EMCDDA. Share this. Posted on 20 Dec 2012. Drug trafficking is no longer considered solely a social ill or a domestic issue, but is now presented as a matter of European security (1).
