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After reading this text and / or viewing the video tutorial on this topic you should be able to: explain what is meant by a logarithm. state and use the laws of logarithms. solve simple equations requiring the use of logarithms.
Th e logarithm of 1 is always 0, irrespective of the base. g a 10 We can use the laws of logarithms to manipulate expressions and solve equations involving logarithms, as the next two examples illustrate. Worked example 2.8 If xalog 10 and yb, express log 10 100a2 b in terms of x, y and integers. Use laws of logs to isolate log 10 a and log 1 0 ...
A logarithm represents the scale of a number. Think of all the one-digit numbers, 1 through 9. (For now we're skipping over 0.) Of course these numbers are all di erent, but they're close enough to each other to be easily comparable. However the two-digit numbers, 10 through 99, are on a totally di erent scale. They're easily comparable to each.
The change of base rule: log a. c. = log. c b. There are two common abbreviations for logarithms to particular bases: log. 10 x is often written as log x. loge x is often written as ln x. The graphs of exponential and logarithmic functions:
What does it mean? First of all the assumptions (restrictions) are important. The number a, called the base of the logarithm, has to be greater than 0 and cannot be equal to 1. The number b (which we take the logarithm of) has to be greater than 0. So the expressions like log1 3, log 2 5 numbers (similarly to expressions like. p or log4( 6).
LOGARITHMS PRACTICE SIMPLIFYING EXPRESSIONS. single logarithm. log 2 7 + log 2 2. log 2 20 − log 2 4. 3log 5 2 + log 5 8. 2log 6 8 − 5log 6 2. log 10 8 + log 10 5 − log 10 0.5. log 2 14 , log 2 5 , log 5 64 , log 6 2 , log 10 80. single logarithm.
Logarithms appear in many applications and familiarity with them is essential. They are used to write expressions involving powers in different forms. Logarithms. Study the statement. 100 = 102. In this statement we say that 10 is the base and 2 is the power or index. Logarithms provide an alternative way of writing a statement such as this.
