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  1. 19 Απρ 2015 · This paper investigates welfare effects of embargoes based on the following research question: How does the embargo of the United States affect economic and social development in the...

  2. 1 Ιουν 2021 · This article examines several concepts including the instrumental effectiveness of sanctions, the significance of state identity, the pitfall of mirror imaging, and aspects of prospect theory...

  3. 15 Φεβ 2022 · The unilateral US sanctions against Iran qualify as primary sanctions, as far as they regulate the conduct between the US as the sanctioning state, its nationals and US companies on the one hand and Iran as the sanctioned state, and its legal and natural persons on the other.

  4. The United States, followed by the European Union, adopted economic sanctions against Syria in spring 2011. The Arab League and Turkey followed several

  5. 19 Οκτ 2020 · Generally, multilateral “non-forcible” countermeasures often take the form of comprehensive embargo regimes which are directed to impair the institutions and instrumentalities of the “target state.” The ultimate goal is to influence and change the politics of the “target state” without having to apply any military force against it.

  6. 22 Ιουν 2021 · The political consequences of sanctions for senders or third-party states are either minor or absent. In contrast, targeted regimes and their populations may experience multiple political consequences, such as weakening some regimes and strengthening others.

  7. 21 Οκτ 2021 · The quantitative analyses examine patterns of economic sanctions and arms embargo practices across different security norms and reveal two central findings. First, international metanorms may accommodate important interstate relationships.