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Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins are the major constituents of foods and serve as fuel molecules for the human body.
- Cell Metabolism
Catabolic pathways involve the breakdown of nutrient...
- Cell Metabolism
Food energy - Wikipedia. Food energy is chemical energy that animals (including humans) derive from their food to sustain their metabolism, including their muscular activity. [1] Most animals derive most of their energy from aerobic respiration, namely combining the carbohydrates, fats, and proteins with oxygen from air or dissolved in water. [2] .
How Cells Obtain Energy from Food. As we have just seen, cells require a constant supply of energy to generate and maintain the biological order that keeps them alive. This energy is derived from the chemical bond energy in food molecules, which thereby serve as fuel for cells.
Energy Nutrients (macronutrients) Nutrients that are needed in large amounts and provide energy are called macronutrients. There are three classes of macronutrients: carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. These can be metabolically processed into cellular energy. The energy from macronutrients comes from their chemical bonds.
The standard energy unit is the joule. It is defined in the following way: 4.18 joules is the energy needed to heat 1g of water by 1°C. The joule is a small unit for everyday purposes, so in food chemistry, the kilojoule is the preferred unit (1000J = 1kJ).
Our bodies use food for two main purposes: as fuel for energy and as building blocks for growth. The molecules in food, such as fats, sugars, and proteins, are similar to those in our bodies. They can be broken down and rearranged to support our growth and energy needs.
Nutrients are the materials the body needs to build itself and stay in top working order. Some of these nutrients—primarily carbohydrates and fats, but also protein—provide energy. Others—protein and minerals—are building materials.
