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Genome structure and genetics. The influenza B virus genome is 14,548 nucleotides long and consists of eight segments of linear negative-sense, single-stranded RNA. The multipartite genome is encapsidated, each segment in a separate nucleocapsid, and the nucleocapsids are surrounded by one envelope. [17]
The influenza virus is enveloped, pleomorphic, or spherical virion (80–120 nm in diameter) enclosing single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) and glycoproteins. The outer layer of the virus is covered with two important glycoproteins i.e. hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) that encodes antigenicity.
Influenza B virus appears to infect only humans (Wright and Webster, 2001), although influenza B virus has recently been isolated from seals (Osterhaus et al., 2000). Both influenza A and B viruses contain eight genomic RNA segments, and most of the proteins encoded by the corresponding genomic RNA segments serve similar functions (Lamb and ...
Transcription is a primer-dependent process that involves the generation of 5′ capped and 3′ polyadenylated mRNA molecules using the negative-sense vRNA segments as templates by the viral RNA polymerase (Fig. 1 B).
3 Σεπ 2024 · Complex viral etiology begins with intranasal transmission of influenza B virus with the release of a segmented RNA genome that attacks host cell machinery for transcription and translation within the nucleus and the release of viral progeny.
13 Μαΐ 2010 · Only influenza A and B viruses cause epidemics in human beings. Based on their main antigenic determinants, the haemagglutinin (H or HA) and neuraminidase (N or NA) transmembrane glycoproteins, influenza A viruses are further subdivided into 18 H (H1–H18) and 11 N (N1–N11) subtypes.
23 Αυγ 2024 · Helper virus-independent reverse genetics methods for influenza B virus revolutionized the study and manipulation of viral genomes. In this approach, individual plasmids containing cloned cDNA of the eight influenza B viral RNA segments, driven by RNA polymerase I or II promoters, are co-transfected into permissive cells .
