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ozone-rich stratosphere. Within the stratosphere the air is generally neutral or stable with respect to vertical motions. Also, the removal of aerosols and trace gases by precipita-tion (wash-out or wet deposition) is absent in the strato-sphere.
The stratospheric ozone layer, centered at about 20 km above the surface of the Earth (Figure 10-1), protects life on Earth by absorbing UV radiation from the Sun. In this chapter we examine the mechanisms controlling the abundance of ozone in the stratosphere and the effect of human influence.
1 Ιαν 1988 · This chapter describes the behavior of stratospheric ozone and discusses the chemistry of other trace components of the stratosphere that are considered important. Chemical processes in the stratosphere are intimately connected with the phenomenon of the ozone layer in the 15–35-km altitude regime.
The stratosphere contains however an ubiquitous H2SO4-H2O aerosol layer at 15-25 km altitude, which plays an important role for stratospheric ozone chemistry (chapter 10). This layer arises from the oxidation of carbonyl sulfide (COS), a biogenic gas with an atmospheric lifetime sufficiently long to penetrate the stratosphere. It is augmented
The stratosphere is a layer of extremely stratified air that rises 40 kilometres above the tropopause and comprises about 20% of the atmosphere’s mass. A two-step reactive mechanism produces ozone in the stratosphere naturally.
18 Ιουν 2021 · Below the mesosphere is the stratosphere, in which the temperature increases as the altitude increase from 10 km to 50 km. In this region, the following reactions are common: NO2 → NO + O (18.1.8) (18.1.8) N O 2 → N O + O. N2O → N2 + O (18.1.9) (18.1.9) N 2 O → N 2 + O. H2 + O → OH + H (18.1.10) (18.1.10) H 2 + O → O H + H.
greenhouse gases by year 2100 vary considerably across the SRES scenarios: in general A1B, A1T, and B1 have the smallest increases of emissions and burdens; and A1FI and A2 the largest.
