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Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is the consecutive occurrence of a series of supraventricular premature complexes. SVT may be short (nonsustained) or occur for prolonged periods (called "sustained" when lasting > 30 seconds).
In this article, the case of a young dog with a particular type of tachyarrhythmia, due to a congenital abnormality, is described. The name of this arrhythmia is orthodromic atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia (OAVRT) and it is a type of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT).
18 Ιουλ 2016 · Common signs associated with SVT include weight loss, lethargy, exercise intolerance, excessive panting, and dyspnea. However, it is not uncommon for dogs to be asymptomatic. Owners of dogs with SVT may report seeing the dog’s heart pounding in the chest during episodes of tachycardia.
As the name implies, SVT's are fast (> 160 bpm in dogs and > 240 bpm in cats) and require atrial or atrioventricular junctional tissue for its initiation and maintenance.
QRS complexes typically appear to be supraventricular (ie, narrow and upright in lead II); however, some deep-chested breeds (eg, Doberman pinschers, Irish wolfhounds) develop wider QRS complexes with left ventricular enlargement instead of a tall QRS.
Ventricular fibrillation is a common terminal and fatal canine arrhythmia. Rapid VT usually (not exclusively) precedes the development of VF because it destabilizes the more homogeneous electrical state of the myocardium. That is, a dispersion of repolarization develops which is predisposing to VF.
Impulses originating from outside the sinus node are abnormal and create an arrhythmia (dysrhythmia). Abnormal or ectopic impulses are described based on their site of origin (atrial, junctional, supraventricular, ventricular).
