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In the post-Roman period before 711, the history of the Spanish language began with Old Spanish; the other Latin-derived Hispanic languages with a considerable body of literature are Catalan (which had a relevant golden age of Valencian), and to a lesser degree Aragonese.
The language known today as Spanish is derived from spoken Latin, which was brought to the Iberian Peninsula by the Romans after their occupation of the peninsula that started in the late 3rd century BC. Today it is the world's 4th most widely spoken language, after English, Mandarin Chinese and Hindi. [1] .
Old Spanish (roman, romançe, romaz; [1] Spanish: español medieval), also known as Old Castilian or Medieval Spanish, refers to the varieties of Ibero-Romance spoken predominantly in Castile and environs during the Middle Ages. The earliest, longest, and most famous literary composition in Old Spanish is the Cantar de mio Cid (ca. 1140–1207).
6 Μαρ 2021 · Under the Bourbon dynasty in the 18th century, and the great policy of centralization, the population was forced to speak Castilian throughout Spain, and it became the official language of the entire Spanish kingdom, although Basque, Asturian, Andalusian, Aragonese and Catalan are still spoken today.
24 Απρ 2012 · Languages in medieval Spain were also complicated. People spoke and wrote in Latin, Arabic, Hebrew, and––increasingly––in medieval versions of Castilian, Catalan, and other Romance vernaculars.
In the late 15th century, the kingdoms of Castile and Leon merged with that of Aragon, and Castilian became the official language of all of Spain. The regional dialects of Aragon, Navarra , Leon, Asturias , and Santander were crowded out gradually and today survive only in secluded rural areas.
The Spanish language arrived in the Canary Islands in the 15th century, but it wasn't permanently established until the Crown of Castile's conquest of the archipelago in the 16th century.
