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3 Νοε 2023 · The definition of a spinal reflex as well as their components, functions, pathways, and physiology will be described in this article and is a must-know for every student that is passionate about neurosciences. The clinical importance of spinal reflexes is also essential since the examination of them is an inevitable part of daily clinical practice.
Reflexes are involuntary motor responses that are performed automatically and independent of brain signals (although some can be suppressed voluntarily, with extra effort).
Spinal reflexes are stereotyped motor outputs caused by certain afferent inputs. They often involve neural circuitry that is only found in the spinal cord. Except for axon reflexes, all reflex pathways involve at least one receptor structure and an associated afferent neuron.
Spinal reflexes include the stretch reflex, the Golgi tendon reflex, the crossed extensor reflex, and the withdrawal reflex. The stretch reflex (myotatic reflex) is a muscle contraction in response to stretching within the muscle. This reflex has the shortest latency of all spinal reflexes.
Spinal reflexes refer to motor outputs that are triggered by specific sensory inputs and involve neural circuitry found in the spinal cord. These reflexes typically include receptor structures, afferent and efferent neurons, and interneurons, except for the stretch reflex.
A spinal reflex requires an intact reflex arc (muscle receptors, sensory axons within a peripheral nerve and dorsal root, lower motor neuron and its axon, muscle). No central input is required for a spinal reflex.
Reflexes can be spinal or cranial, depending on the nerves and central components that are involved. The body uses both spinal and cranial reflexes to rapidly respond to important stimuli. All reflex arcs include five basic components; (1) a receptor, (2) a sensory neuron, (3) an integration center, (4) a motor neuron, and (5) an effector. The ...
