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A transcriptional activator is a protein (transcription factor) that increases transcription of a gene or set of genes. [1] Activators are considered to have positive control over gene expression, as they function to promote gene transcription and, in some cases, are required for the transcription of genes to occur.
Direct Gene Activation. Receptors that can directly influence gene expression are termed nuclear receptors. Located within the cytosol or nucleus, nuclear receptors are the target of steroid and thyroid hormones that are able to pass through the cell membrane.
Antiviral systems activated by IFN action. Following binding of IFN to cellular receptors and the resultant transduction signaling cascade, there is enhanced or new expression of over 100 genes. Gene activation generally does not require de novo protein synthesis, enabling cells to respond rapidly to IFN.
Most gene regulatory proteins that activate gene transcription—that is, most gene activator proteins—have a modular design consisting of at least two distinct domains. One domain usually contains one of the structural motifs discussed previously that recognizes a specific regulatory DNA sequence.
20 Δεκ 2023 · Gene activation refers to the process by which a gene is turned “on” or activated, meaning that the gene’s DNA is transcribed into RNA, and ultimately, translated into protein. This process is tightly regulated and involves a multitude of factors that work together in a highly orchestrated manner.
Gene activation occurs when a stimulation, normally a physical-biological element, stimulates the natural proteins that are part of the genetic material of cells and is thus turning the genes “on” that were “off” and is therefore considered to be gene-regulating.
Transcriptional activators are required to turn on the expression of genes in a eukaryotic cell. Activators bound to the enhancer can facilitate either the recruitment of RNA polymerase II to the promoter or its elongation.
