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18 Οκτ 2024 · J.J. Thomson (born December 18, 1856, Cheetham Hill, near Manchester, England—died August 30, 1940, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire) was an English physicist who helped revolutionize the knowledge of atomic structure by his discovery of the electron (1897).
J. J. Thomson. Sir Joseph John Thomson OM FRS [1] (18 December 1856 – 30 August 1940) was a British physicist and Nobel Laureate in Physics, credited with the discovery of the electron, the first subatomic particle to be found.
The British physicist Joseph John “J. J.” Thomson (1856–1940) performed a series of experiments in 1897 designed to study the nature of electric discharge in a high-vacuum cathode-ray tube, an area being investigated by many scientists at the time.
Long before the end of the 19th century, it was well known that applying a high voltage to a gas contained at low pressure in a sealed tube (called a gas discharge tube) caused electricity to flow through the gas, which then emitted light (Figure 2.4.1 2.4. 1).
Thomson conjectured that the electron was a fundamental building block of matter or atoms, and along with his colleagues at Cambridge attempted to build upon his discovery in order to model atomic structure with theoretical speculations and extensive experimental investigations, particularly scattering experiments.
26 Αυγ 2020 · The American scientist Robert Millikan (1868–1953) carried out a series of experiments using electrically charged oil droplets, which allowed him to calculate the charge on a single electron. Millikan created microscopic oil droplets, which could be electrically charged by friction as they formed or by using X-rays.
8 Οκτ 2024 · Atom - Electrons, Protons, Neutrons: During the 1880s and ’90s scientists searched cathode rays for the carrier of the electrical properties in matter. Their work culminated in the discovery by English physicist J.J. Thomson of the electron in 1897.
